Tham khảo Chủ_nghĩa_yếm_thế

  1. ↑ Christopher H. Hallett, (2005), The Roman Nude: Heroic Portrait Statuary 200 BC–AD 300, page 294. Oxford University Press
  2. ↑ Laërtius & Hicks 1925, VI:23; Jerome, Adversus Jovinianum, 2.14.
  3. 1 2 Dudley 1937, tr. 117
  4. ↑ Kynikos, "A Greek-English Lexicon", Liddell and Scott, at Perseus
  5. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 13. Cf. The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature, 2nd edition, p. 165.
  6. ↑ An obscure reference to "the Dog" in Aristotle's Rhetoric (3.10.1411a25) is generally agreed to be the first reference to Diogenes.
  7. ↑ Diogenes of Sinope, quoted by Stobaeus, Florilegium, iii. 13. 44.
  8. ↑ Christian August Brandis, Scholium on Aristotle's Rhetoric, quoted in Dudley 1937, tr. 5
  9. ↑ Long 1996, tr. 28Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFLong1996 (trợ giúp)
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Kidd 2005
  11. ↑ Long 1996, tr. 29Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFLong1996 (trợ giúp)
  12. 1 2 Navia, Luis E. Classical Cynicism: A Critical Study. pg 140.
  13. ↑ Adamson, Peter (2015). Philosophy in the Hellenistic and Roman Worlds (bằng tiếng Anh). Oxford University Press. tr. 14. ISBN 978-0-19-872802-3.
  14. 1 2 Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 2, 71; Dio Chrysostom, Orations, viii. 26–32; Pseudo-Lucian, Cynicus, 13; Lucian, De Morte Peregrini, 4, 33, 36.
  15. 1 2 Orlando Patterson: Freedom. p. 186
  16. ↑ Long 1996, tr. 34Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFLong1996 (trợ giúp)
  17. ↑ Lucian, Dialogues of the Dead, 21
  18. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 70
  19. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 63
  20. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vii. 121
  21. ↑ Cynics – The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
  22. ↑ David Mazella, (2007), The Making of Modern Cynicism, University of Virginia Press. ISBN 0-8139-2615-7
  23. ↑ Cynicism, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Fourth Edition. 2006. Houghton Mifflin Company.
  24. ↑ Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy, page 231. Simon and Schuster.
  25. ↑ R. Martin, The Scythian Accent: Anacharsis and the Cynics, Bracht Branham & Goulet-Cazé 1996Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFBracht_BranhamGoulet-Cazé1996 (trợ giúp)
  26. ↑ Plato, Apology, 41e.
  27. ↑ Xenophon, Apology, 1.
  28. ↑ Epictetus, 3.22
  29. ↑ Aristotle, Politics (Aristotle): bk 2, 1268b
  30. ↑ Veblen, 1994[1899]: 162
  31. ↑ Jon Ploug Jørgensen, The taming of the aristoi - an ancient Greek civilizing process? History of the Human Sciences: July 2014 vol. 27 no. 3, pg 42-43
  32. ↑ Dudley 1937, tr. 1
  33. ↑ Bracht Branham & Goulet-Cazé 1996, tr. 6Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFBracht_BranhamGoulet-Cazé1996 (trợ giúp)
  34. ↑ Xenophon, Symposium, 4.57–64.
  35. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 2
  36. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 15–18
  37. ↑ Prince 2005, tr. 79
  38. ↑ Navia 1996, tr. 40
  39. ↑ Xenophon, Symposium, 4.34.
  40. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 20–21
  41. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 6, 18, 21; Aelian, x. 16; Epictetus, Discourses, iii. 22. 63
  42. ↑ Long 1996, tr. 45Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFLong1996 (trợ giúp)
  43. ↑ Dudley 1937, tr. 2
  44. ↑ Prince 2005, tr. 77
  45. ↑ Sarton, G., Ancient Science Through the Golden Age of Greece, Dover Publications. (1980).
  46. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 23; Jerome, Adversus Jovinianum, 2.14
  47. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 34
  48. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 66
  49. ↑ Long 1996, tr. 33Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFLong1996 (trợ giúp)
  50. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 87–88
  51. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 85, 87; Epictetus, Discourses, iii. 22. 63
  52. ↑ Long 1996, tr. 46Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFLong1996 (trợ giúp)
  53. ↑ Although there is no mention in ancient sources of them actually begging. Cf. Doyne Dawson, (1992), Cities of the gods: communist utopias in Greek thought, page 135. Oxford University Press
  54. ↑ Plutarch, Symposiacs, 2.1; Apuleius, Florida, 22; Julian, Orations, 6.201b
  55. ↑ Diogenes Laërtius, i. 15, vi. 105, vii. 2, etc
  56. ↑ Schofield 1991
  57. ↑ Bracht Branham & Goulet-Cazé 1996, tr. 13Lỗi harv: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFBracht_BranhamGoulet-Cazé1996 (trợ giúp)
  58. ↑ Cicero, De Officiis, i. 41.
  59. ↑ Dudley 1937, tr. 124
  60. ↑ Lucian, De Morte Peregrini, 3
  61. ↑ Lucian, Fugitivi, 16.
  62. ↑ Aelius Aristides, iii. 654–694
  63. ↑ Seneca, De Beneficiis, vii.
  64. ↑ Lucian, De Morte Peregrini.
  65. ↑ Lucian, Demonax.
  66. ↑ Epictetus, Discourses, 3. 22.
  67. ↑ Epictetus, Discourses, 3. 22. 23
  68. ↑ Epictetus, Discourses, 3. 22. 80
  69. ↑ Dudley 1937, tr. 202
  70. ↑ Julian, Oration 6: To the Uneducated Cynics; Oration 7: To the Cynic Heracleios.
  71. ↑ Damascius, Life of Isidorus: fragments preserved in the Commentary on Plato's Parmenides by Proclus, in the Bibliotheca of Photius, and in the Suda.
  72. 1 2 Dudley 1937, tr. 209–211
  73. 1 2 Leif Vaage, (1994), Galilean Upstarts: Jesus' First Followers According to Q. TPI
  74. ↑ F. Gerald Downing, (1992), Cynics and Christian Origins. T. & T. Clark.
  75. ↑ In particular, Menippus (3rd century BC), Meleager (1st century BC), and Oenomaus (2nd century AD), all came from Gadara.
  76. ↑ Quoted in R. Ostling, Who was Jesus?", Time, August 15, 1988, pages 37–42.
  77. ↑ John Dominic Crossan, (1991), The Historical Jesus: The Life of a Mediterranean Jewish Peasant, ISBN 0-06-061629-6
  78. ↑ Craig A. Evans, Life of Jesus Research: An Annotated Bibliography, page 151. BRILL
  79. ↑ F. Gasco Lacalle, (1986) Cristianos y cinicos. Una tificacion del fenomeno cristiano durante el siglo II, pages 111–119. Memorias de Historia Antigua 7.
  80. ↑ Dio Cassius, Epitome of book 65, 15.5; Herodian, Roman History, 1.9.2–5
  81. ↑ Lucian, De Morte Peregrini, 10–15
  82. ↑ Origen, adv. Cels. 2.41, 6.28, 7.7; Basil of Caesarea, Leg. Lib. Gent. 9.3, 4, 20; Theodoret, Provid. 6; John Chrysostom, Ad. Op. Vit. Monast. 2.4, 5
  83. ↑ Augustine, De Civitate Dei 14.20.
  84. ↑ Leif E. Vaage, (1990), Cynic Epistles (Selections), in Vincent L. Wimbush, Ascetic Behavior in Greco-Roman Antiquity: A Sourcebook, pages 117-118. Continuum International
  85. ↑ Zuckerman, Phil (2007). Martin, Michael T (biên tập). The Cambridge companion to atheism. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. tr. 56. ISBN 0-521-84270-0. Truy cập ngày 9 tháng 4 năm 2011.